Reset my Apple ID password with no other Apple device?

If you ever set up a Recovery Key, you'll need it for this. With one turned on, Apple won't let you use the normal account recovery wait, so dig it out before you start. No recovery key and no trusted number, an Apple Store can let you do the reset on one of their devices, but it's the same process.

yes. Apple's iForgot page works in any browser, Windows or Android included. Put in your Apple ID email and, if you still have the trusted phone number, you'll get a code by text and can set a new password then and there. You can also borrow a friend's iPhone and use the Apple Support app, there's a reset option for helping someone else that doesn't touch their account. The annoying case is no access to the trusted number. Then it goes into account recovery and you wait, can be days. Nothing speeds it up, so don't keep requesting it.