Reconnecting my own domain email to Outlook after it stopped working

Check the domain itself hasn't expired, especially if it's renewed on a card that changed. When the domain lapses mail just stops, and webmail at the host can still look fine. Your registrar account will show the expiry date.

First thing I'd check is whether webmail at your host still logs in with the same password. If it doesn't, it's the password or the mailbox, not Outlook. If webmail works, your host has probably changed something on their end - a lot of them have moved to SSL-only ports or changed the server name. Get the current IMAP and SMTP settings from their help pages (usually IMAP on 993 with SSL, SMTP on 465 or 587), remove the account in Outlook and add it again choosing the manual/advanced setup with IMAP, so Outlook doesn't guess wrong.